# BPC-157 dosage in the research literature — species, route, half-life > Dose ranges, routes, and pharmacokinetics from the BPC-157 research literature, reported in the species and administration context of each study. This page does not recommend any human dose. Every value on this page belongs to the species and route in which it was administered. None of it is a recommendation. ## § 00 The short version Every dose on this page describes what was given to rodents (or, in one pharmacokinetic study, beagle dogs) in a published experiment — not a recommendation for any human. The two doses that appear most often in the rodent literature are 10 micrograms per kilogram and 10 nanograms per kilogram, given intraperitoneally or in drinking water. A formal pharmacokinetic study in rats and dogs found a plasma half-life under thirty minutes after intramuscular dosing. The only human data are three small, uncontrolled pilot reports using doses of 10 mg intravesical, single-arm intravenous infusions up to 20 mg, and intra-articular knee injections — all from one investigator group. There is no established human dose. The FDA placed BPC-157 on its Category 2 compounding list in 2023. This site reports what was studied; it does not translate animal doses to humans. ## § 01 The two recurring rodent doses Across the bulk of the Sikiric-group preclinical literature, the same paired doses recur: **10 μg/kg** and **10 ng/kg**. Both are given intraperitoneally, intragastrically, or in drinking water [1][3][4][7][8][14][19][23]. The thousand-fold separation is intentional — the low arm tests whether the effect persists at biologically negligible exposures, and in many of the published studies it does. In drinking-water protocols the in-water concentrations correspond to 0.16 μg/mL or 0.16 ng/mL, based on an assumed 12 mL/rat/day intake [14]. The drinking-water route is unusual for a peptide and is enabled by the stability that follows from three consecutive prolines at positions 3-5 of the sequence. ## § 02 Where the dose escalates Central nervous system studies use higher doses. Perovic et al. (2019) administered 200 μg/kg or 2 μg/kg intraperitoneally in a rat sacrocaudal spinal cord compression model, given as a single injection at 10 minutes post-injury [9]. Ischemia-reperfusion studies have used 20 μg/kg intraperitoneally in Wistar rats [12]. He et al. (2022) profiled pharmacokinetics in rats over 20-500 μg/kg intramuscular and in beagle dogs over 6-150 μg/kg intramuscular without observing acute toxicity in that range [11]. In cell-culture work, concentrations of 0.1-0.5 μg/mL are typical [2]. ## § 03 Pharmacokinetics He et al. (2022) is the principal pharmacokinetic source. After intramuscular dosing, bioavailability was **14-19% in rats** and **45-51% in beagle dogs**. **Tmax was approximately 3 minutes in rats and 6-9 minutes in dogs.** **Plasma half-life was under 30 minutes** in both species. Metabolism generates six small peptide fragments, with proline among the terminal residues; elimination is urinary and biliary [11]. The short plasma half-life is sometimes raised as a paradox against the relatively long-running biological effects seen in tendon, muscle, and intestinal healing studies. The literature does not fully resolve this paradox. Two hypotheses circulate: that downstream signaling effects (eNOS activation, growth hormone receptor upregulation, macrophage polarization) outlast the peptide's plasma presence; and that the metabolite fragments themselves retain some activity. Neither is established. Intramuscular bioavailability of 14-19% in rats is low for a peptide research compound; the dog value (45-51%) is substantially higher. He et al. proposed, on a rat-to-dog allometric scaling basis, an extrapolated human dose of approximately 200 μg/person/day — explicitly as an *exploratory calculation*, not a human dose recommendation [11]. This site does not endorse that extrapolation. ## § 04 Routes that have been studied In the published literature, BPC-157 has been administered: - intraperitoneally (i.p.) — the most common route in rat work - intragastrically (i.g.) by oral gavage - per-orally in drinking water — relies on stability in gastric juice - subcutaneously (s.c.) — used in some CNS and antidepressant-effect studies - intramuscularly (i.m.) — the route used in the He et al. pharmacokinetic work - topically as a 1 µg/g cream in wound-healing models - intravenously — only in the 2025 Lee & Burgess healthy-volunteer pilot, single-arm, up to 20 mg [17] - intra-articularly — only in the 2021 Lee & Padgett knee case series [17] - intravesicularly — only in the 2024 Lee et al. interstitial cystitis case series, 10 mg per session [17] The last three are the only human-administration routes in the published file. Two of them — IV and intravesicular — were used by exactly one investigator group, in uncontrolled designs, with twelve to sixteen subjects each. ## § 05 Safety in animal toxicology The 2025 Pharmaceuticals review (Jozwiak et al.) catalogues acute toxicology: no observed teratogenic, genotoxic, anaphylactic, or local toxic effects at doses up to 20 mg/kg intramuscular in Sprague-Dawley rats and 10 mg/kg intramuscular in beagle dogs [18]. These are orders of magnitude above the 10 μg/kg dose used in efficacy studies. The same review raises three theoretical safety questions that have not been addressed by controlled human work: - VEGFR2-mediated angiogenesis could be problematic in malignant or pre-malignant settings - Proline metabolites can activate proline oxidase and generate reactive oxygen species - Excessive nitric oxide production may impair hepatic drug metabolism None of these is a finding. All three are mechanistic predictions a careful reader should weigh against the absence of long-term controlled human safety data. ## § 06 What this page does not provide This page does not contain a human dose. It does not suggest a schedule, a route, or a duration. It does not refer to vendors, compounding pharmacies, or product sources. BPC-157 was placed on the FDA Category 2 list in September 2023, which excludes it from 503A pharmacy compounding for human use. It is prohibited in WADA-sanctioned competition under category S0, effective 1 January 2022 [16][18]. No regulatory authority has approved BPC-157 for any human indication. Values here describe what was studied. They do not describe what should be taken. --- A modernist reading of the published literature — not a clinical opinion.